METAPHOR 

A short description 

A metaphor is a transfer of name based on the association of similarity and thus is actually a hidden comparison. It presents a method of description which likens one thing to another by referring to it as if it were some other one.

A cunning person for instance is referred to as a fox. A woman may be called A PEACH, A LEMON, A CAT, A GOOSE, A BITCH, A LIONESS, etc. 

Metaphors may be based upon very different types of similarity, for instance, the similarity of shape: HEAD OF A CABBAGE, THE TEATH OF A SAW. This similarity of shape may be supported by a similarity of function. The transferred meaning is easily recognized from the context:

THE HEAD OF THE SCHOOL, THE KEY TO A MISTERY.

The similarity may be also supported by the position: FOOT OF A PAGE or behavior and function: BOOKWORM, WIREPULLER.